You can add Xdebug to Laragon easily.
Method 1: Using phpinfo() & Xdebug Wizard
Copy phpinfo() content:
http://localhost/?q=info
Paste the copied data to the form in the Xdebug Wizard page
https://xdebug.org/wizard.php
Click "Analyse my phpinfo() output", and follow the instructions.
Note: Their instructions will ask for "4. Restart the webserver" but with Laragon, you just need to click Reload button.